【1】Intro into Psychology - Important Figures



Wilhelm Wundt
⭐ Voluntarism ⭐

Established psychology as a science and an academic discipline.

Believed that our consciousness shapes are conscious experience.

Experimented with introspection by measuring his participants' reactions time to stimuli eg. light, images, and sounds inside an empty room.

Edward Titchener
⭐ Structuralism ⭐

Developed the field of structuralism.

Student of Wilhelm Wundt. 

Focused on mental process rather than their function.

William James
⭐ Functionalism ⭐

Views on psychology are heavily influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution.

The 1st American psychologist.

Included studying objective and measurable topics in psychology like physiology, anatomy and mental activities.

B.F. Skinner
⭐ Behaviorism ⭐

Skinner's Box - experiment in testing behaviors using operant conditioning. Doing a certain action that gives a reward is likely to be repeated while doing another action that punishes the subject are unlikely to be repeated.



Believed that our consciousness shapes are conscious experience. 

Experimented with introspection by measuring his participants' reactions time to stimuli eg. light, images, and sounds inside an empty room.

Ivan Pavlov
⭐ Behaviorism ⭐

Developed the idea of classical conditioning - the subject produces a reflex to an unassociated stimulus over time

John Watson
⭐ Behaviorism ⭐

Responsible for shifting the focus of psychology from the mind to behavior.

Sigmund Freud
⭐ Psychoanalytic Theory ⭐

Believed that mental illness can be explained using a person's unconsciousness.

Had sexist views of women in psychology.

Abraham Maslow
⭐ Humanistic Psychology ⭐

Created the "Hierarchy of Human Needs" chart to explain the motivations for behavior.

Believed that humans will only be able to fulfill their higher level needs if their lower level needs are met.


John Watson
⭐Humanistic Psychology⭐

Believed that therapy sessions should be led by the patient and that the therapist should offer unconditional positive support and empathy.


Noam Chomsky
⭐Cognitive psychology⭐

One of the founders of the field of cognitive science.

Most known for his work in linguistics.

One of his main ideas is that language exists to express the mind.










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